Author(s): Luca Ferraro and Martina Rinaldi

Abstract: Simplified non-destructive testing techniques are increasingly important for the early identification of cracks in reinforced concrete beams, where timely detection can prevent serviceability loss and structural deterioration. Conventional inspection methods are often labor intensive, subjective, and unsuitable for frequent monitoring. This research evaluates simplified non-destructive testing approaches that can be applied at the early cracking stage without sophisticated equipment or extensive calibration. Emphasis is placed on rebound hammer testing, ultrasonic pulse velocity, surface strain monitoring, and acoustic-based observation methods adapted for routine field use. Experimental reinforced concrete beam specimens with controlled loading histories were considered to represent early flexural cracking conditions. The sensitivity of each technique to crack initiation and crack width progression is discussed in relation to material heterogeneity, reinforcement layout, and loading level. The research highlights how combined interpretation of simple non-destructive indicators improves reliability compared to isolated measurements. Results indicate that ultrasonic pulse velocity and surface-based acoustic response exhibit measurable variation at crack widths below commonly accepted visual detection limits. Rebound hammer indices showed limited direct sensitivity to cracking but contributed useful contextual information when correlated with other parameters. The findings suggest that simplified non-destructive testing protocols can serve as effective screening tools for early damage identification in reinforced concrete beams. Such approaches are particularly suitable for low-cost infrastructure monitoring, preliminary condition assessment, and maintenance planning in resource-constrained environments. The research contributes practical insights for engineers seeking efficient alternatives to advanced non-destructive systems, supporting proactive crack management and extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures through earlier intervention. These outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of integrating simplified techniques into routine inspections, enabling earlier decision making, reduced inspection costs, and improved safety margins while fostering sustainable maintenance practices for aging concrete infrastructure networks under varying service conditions across urban and rural structural systems worldwide in practice today globally.

DOI: 10.22271/27078280.2026.v7.i1a.64

Pages: 42-46 | Views: 1 | Downloads: 1

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