Author(s): Leila Hassanpour and Ahmed El-Zeini

Abstract: Groundwater serves as a critical resource in arid and semi-arid regions, necessitating effective management strategies to address increasing water scarcity. This study aims to evaluate groundwater potential zones and quality using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, focusing on sustainable groundwater resource management. The research integrates spatial data, remote sensing imagery, and hydrological parameters to delineate groundwater potential zones and assess quality indices. Methods involved the preparation of thematic layers, such as land use, geomorphology, rainfall, and soil permeability, which were standardized and weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Spatial interpolation techniques like Kriging were applied to map groundwater quality parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). The results identified that 20% of the study area has high groundwater potential, while 40% falls under moderate potential zones. However, 40% of the area exhibited low and very low groundwater potential, indicating the need for targeted interventions. Groundwater quality analysis revealed moderately suitable conditions for irrigation and domestic use, with isolated areas showing salinity issues due to elevated TDS levels. These findings align with similar studies in regions such as the Bagh River watershed and the Pudukkottai district, underscoring the reliability of GIS-based techniques. The study concludes that GIS offers a robust framework for groundwater resource management by integrating spatial and hydrological data. Recommendations include implementing artificial recharge techniques, enhancing monitoring systems using IoT, and incorporating advanced machine learning models to improve predictive accuracy. Public engagement and climate-adaptive strategies are also essential for sustainable groundwater management. This research highlights the transformative potential of GIS in addressing groundwater challenges, providing a scalable approach for policymakers and water resource managers.

Pages: 53-57 | Views: 61 | Downloads: 30

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