Author(s): Youssef El Amrani and Fatima Zahra Idrissi

Abstract: Balancing hydroelectric power generation and agricultural water needs in dam management remains a critical challenge in water-scarce regions. This study aims to analyze the trade-offs between energy production and agricultural water allocation, evaluate their socio-economic impacts, and propose integrated management strategies. Hydrological data from ten hydroelectric dams, stakeholder surveys, and secondary datasets were analyzed using statistical tools, including correlation analysis, t-tests, and optimization modeling frameworks. The results revealed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.704, p = 0.022) between hydroelectric energy output and agricultural water supply, highlighting the potential for synergy under well-managed operational schedules. However, the negative correlation (r = -0.451, p = 0.191) between water supply and crop yield suggests inefficiencies in water allocation, poor irrigation practices, and mismatched water release schedules. Additionally, farmer satisfaction scores showed no significant difference (t = 0.285, p = 0.783) between high and low water-use efficiency groups, emphasizing the influence of broader socio-economic factors. The study identifies temporal mismatches, governance gaps, and operational inefficiencies as key barriers to achieving optimal dam management. Practical recommendations include the adoption of adaptive reservoir management frameworks, implementation of multi-objective optimization models, and modernization of irrigation technologies, enhanced stakeholder engagement, and policy coherence. Capacity-building initiatives, real-time data monitoring platforms, and environmental flow integration are also proposed to ensure sustainable outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of aligning hydrological operations with agricultural cycles while maintaining ecological balance. This study advocates for an integrated water resource management (IWRM) approach that combines technical, social, and environmental perspectives to minimize conflicts and optimize resource allocation. Addressing these challenges through collaborative governance and evidence-based strategies will contribute to sustainable water management, energy security, and agricultural resilience.

DOI: 10.22271/27078302.2024.v5.i2a.54

Pages: 48-54 | Views: 66 | Downloads: 21

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