Author(s): Petra Novaková

Abstract: Engineering geology plays a crucial role in ensuring the long-term performance and serviceability of low-rise residential buildings, particularly by mitigating the occurrence of minor structural cracks. Such cracks, although often non-catastrophic, can lead to progressive deterioration, aesthetic degradation, and reduced occupant confidence if not properly addressed. This review-based research examines how engineering geological principles contribute to the identification, assessment, and management of subsurface conditions that influence crack development in low-rise structures. Emphasis is placed on soil characterization, lithological variability, groundwater behavior, weathering profiles, and site-specific geological hazards that commonly affect residential construction. The interaction between foundation systems and ground conditions is explored to highlight how inadequate geological assessment can result in differential settlement, shrink-swell behavior, and moisture-induced ground movements. The research further discusses the role of geological mapping, geotechnical investigation, and risk-informed design in minimizing crack initiation during both construction and service stages. By synthesizing findings from existing literature, the paper demonstrates that early integration of engineering geology into planning and design significantly reduces the frequency and severity of minor cracks. The review also underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between geologists, geotechnical engineers, and structural designers in residential projects. Overall, the research establishes that engineering geology is not merely a supportive discipline but a preventive tool that enhances structural durability, construction economy, and occupant safety. The findings aim to provide practical insights for engineers, planners, and policymakers involved in low-rise housing development, particularly in urban and semi-urban settings where heterogeneous ground conditions are prevalent.

DOI: 10.22271/27078361.2026.v7.i1a.92

Pages: 38-42 | Views: 21 | Downloads: 9

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