Author(s): Aino Virtanen

Abstract: Urban water management is facing escalating challenges due to rapid urbanization, climate change, and the limitations of traditional grey infrastructure. This study explores the integration of green infrastructure (GI) into urban water management systems as a sustainable and multifunctional solution. The primary objectives were to evaluate the hydrological, environmental, and socio-economic benefits of GI and to assess its effectiveness in complementing grey infrastructure. Using a combination of secondary data analysis, case studies, and field observations from Berlin, Germany, and Dhaka, Bangladesh, this study analyzed the performance of green roofs, rain gardens, and permeable pavements. Hydrological simulations using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and statistical analyses were employed to validate the findings.The results demonstrated that GI significantly reduced urban runoff by an average of 45.8% (±7.2%), with green roofs achieving the highest reduction of 48.3%. Water quality improvements were substantial, with Total Suspended Solids reduced by 63% (±4.5%) and nutrient removal efficiencies for nitrates and phosphates reaching 51% and 46%, respectively. Biodiversity enhancements were evident, with a 32% increase in urban bird species in Berlin and 21% in Dhaka. Economic analyses revealed long-term net savings of €1.2 million and $750,000 over 20 years for Berlin and Dhaka, respectively. However, challenges such as maintenance gaps, socio-economic barriers, and site-specific variability were identified.The study concludes that GI offers significant benefits for urban water management and urban resilience. Practical recommendations include integrating GI into urban policies, establishing sustainable funding mechanisms, and prioritizing capacity-building and community engagement. Future research should focus on long-term performance monitoring and hybrid solutions combining GI and grey infrastructure to address diverse urban challenges.

DOI: 10.22271/27078361.2024.v5.i2a.60

Pages: 61-67 | Views: 108 | Downloads: 54

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